Epiphanius

Epiphanius of Salamis (c. 310–403), bishop in Cyprus, was a zealous defender of Nicene orthodoxy and a great cataloguer of heresies; his Panarion (“Medicine Chest”) describes eighty heretical sects. His learning is preserved in many later exegetical chains.

A zealous guardian of Nicene orthodoxy, Epiphanius catalogued and refuted eighty heretical movements in his Panarion ("Medicine Chest"), preserving in the process much information about early sects and lost writings that would otherwise be unknown. His works on biblical weights, measures, and gems show the antiquarian learning that later exegetical chains drew upon.