Pannag

Pannag appears once in Scripture, in Ezekiel 27:17, in the list of commodities traded by Israel with Tyre: Judah, and the land of Israel, they were thy merchants: they traded in thy market wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm. The precise meaning of pannag remains uncertain; suggestions include a type of millet, a confection or sweet cake, early figs, or a place name designating a specific grain variety.

The Septuagint renders it as a resinous substance, while rabbinic tradition and some modern scholars favor a form of pastry or confection. The Revised Version margin notes perhaps a kind of confection. Whatever its exact nature, pannag was evidently a valued agricultural or culinary product of the land of Israel, traded in the thriving commercial markets of Phoenician Tyre during the period before its fall to Nebuchadnezzar.